Big Brown Bear

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Frković, A.; Huber, D. & Kusak, J. (2001). "Brown bear litter sizes in Croatia". Ursus. 12: 103–105. JSTOR 3873235. Gittleman, J. L. (1994). "Female brain size and parental care in carnivores". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 91 (#12): 5495–5497. Bibcode: 1994PNAS...91.5495G. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.12.5495. PMC 44022. PMID 8202515. Hailer, F.; Kutschera, V. E.; Hallstrom, B. M.; Klassert, D.; Fain, S. R.; Leonard, J. A.; Arnason, U.; Janke, A. (2012). "Nuclear Genomic Sequences Reveal that Polar Bears Are an Old and Distinct Bear Lineage". Science. 336 (6, 079): 344–247. Bibcode: 2012Sci...336..344H. doi: 10.1126/science.1216424. hdl: 10261/58578. PMID 22517859. S2CID 12671275. Ingólfsson, Ólafur; Wiig, Øystein (2009). "Late Pleistocene fossil find in Svalbard: the oldest remains of a polar bear ( Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1744) ever discovered". Polar Research. 28 (3): 455. Bibcode: 2009PolRe..28..455I. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-8369.2008.00087.x. S2CID 56292690. As well as the exact number of overall brown bear subspecies, its precise relationship to the polar bear also remains in debate. The polar bear is a recent offshoot of the brown bear. The point at which the polar bear diverged from the brown bear is unclear, with estimations based on genetics and fossils ranging from 400,000 to 70,000 years ago, but most recent analysis has indicated that the polar bear split somewhere between 275,000 and 150,000 years ago. [36] Under some definitions, the brown bear can be construed as the paraspecies for the polar bear. [37] [38] [39] [40]

DJUNGELSKOG brown bear, Soft toy - IKEA DJUNGELSKOG brown bear, Soft toy - IKEA

Sørensen, Ole; Mogens Totsås; Tore Solstad; Robin Rigg (2008). "Predation by a Golden Eagle on a Brown Bear Cub" (PDF). Ursus. 19 (2): 190–193. doi: 10.2192/08SC008.1. S2CID 55281438. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.Heptner V.G.; Sludskii, A.A. (1992). Mammals of the Soviet Union, Volume II, Part 2. Leiden u.a.: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-08876-4. a b Jones, S. V. (1923). "Color variations in wild animals". Journal of Mammalogy. 4 (#3): 172–177. doi: 10.2307/1373567. JSTOR 1373567. Situació preocupant de l'ós bru als Pirineus" (in Catalan). ecologistasenaccion.org. May 2010 . Retrieved 19 November 2010. Herrero, S.; Higgins, A. (2003). "Human injuries inflicted by bears in Alberta: 1960–98". Ursus. 14 (1): 44–54. JSTOR 3872956. Hissa, R.; Siekkinen, J.; Hohtola, E.; Saarela, S.; Hakala, A.; Pudas, J. (1994). "Seasonal patterns in the physiology of the European brown bear ( Ursus arctos arctos) in Finland". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology. 109 (#3): 781–791. doi: 10.1016/0300-9629(94)90222-4. PMID 8529017.

Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) | Alask - Nat Hab 13 Facts About Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) | Alask - Nat Hab

Sagør, J. T.; Swenson, J. E.; Røskaft, E. (1997). "Compatibility of brown bear Ursus arctos and free-ranging sheep in Norway". Biological Conservation. 81 (1–2): 91. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(96)00165-6.

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a b Mörner, T.; Eriksson, H.; Bröjer, C.; Nilsson, K.; Uhlhorn, H.; Ågren, E.; Segerstad, C.H.; Jansson, D.S.; Gavier-Widén, D. (2005). "Diseases and mortality in free-ranging brown bear ( Ursus arctos), gray wolf ( Canis lupus), and wolverine ( Gulo gulo) in Sweden". Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 41 (#2): 298–303. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-41.2.298. PMID 16107663. S2CID 43774546.